Critical-size defects (CSDs) of the craniofacial bones cause aesthetic and functional complications that seriously impact the quality of life. The transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering.
The design and fabrication of multifunctional hybrid hydrogels for various biomedical applications have sparked tremendous scientific interest and still remain a formidable challenge.
Hypoxic injury poses a severe threat to cell survival. Activation of pro-survival autophagy via autophagy-inducing nanomaterials (AINMs) has emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic strategies.
Sodium aescinate (SA) shows great potential for treating lymphedema since it can regulate the expression of cytokines in M1 macrophages, however, it is commonly administered intravenously in clinical practice and often accompanied by severe toxic side effects and short metabolic cycles.
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